"Cement Technology Roadmap 2009," by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and the International Energy Agency, lists what the cement industry needs to do to cuts its emissions 18 percent by 2050.
The report gives a detailed look at what efforts need to be pushed forward to lower cement's impact: efficiency technologies for new and retrofit kilns, using alternative fuels (natural gas, biofuels, solid waste, discarded tires) instead of coal to heat kilns, substituting materials within cement and utilizing carbon capture and storage (CCS). It also notes the limits of each effort; research and development needs and goals; the potential impacts on energy, CO2, cement production and investment needs; and what groups (industry, suppliers, government, universities, research institutes) will need to play what roles to make each effort possible.